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Cheng Ji (Shu Han)
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Cheng Ji (died 222), courtesy name Jiran, was a military officer of the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period. He previously served under the warlord Liu Zhang in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
==Service under Liu Zhang==
Cheng Ji was from Langzhong County (閬中縣) in Baxi Commandery (巴西郡), which is in present-day Langzhong, Nanchong, Sichuan. He served as the Chief (長) of Hanchang County (漢昌縣; in present-day Bazhong, Sichuan) under the warlord Liu Zhang, who controlled Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) in the late Eastern Han dynasty. An ethnic group known as "Cong" (賨) lived in Hanchang County. They were known for being fierce and warlike; Emperor Gao, the founding emperor of the Han dynasty, recruited Cong warriors to serve in his army when he conquered the Three Qins in 206–205 BCE.〔(季然名畿，巴西閬中人也。劉璋時為漢昌長。縣有賨人，種類剛猛，昔高祖以定關中。) Pei Songzhi's annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 45.〕 Cheng Ji's immediate superior was Pang Yi, the Administrator (太守) of Baxi Commandery, because Hanchang County was under Baxi Commandery's jurisdiction, and Baxi Commandery was administered by Yi Province.
As chaos broke out throughout China towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, Pang Yi wanted to improve security within Baxi Commandery, so he recruited more men to serve as soldiers. Around the time, Liu Zhang heard rumours that Pang Yi was planning to rebel against him and became more suspicious of Pang. When Pang Yi heard about it, he became fearful and started making preparations to increase the strength of his military forces. He also sent Cheng Yu (程郁), Cheng Ji's son, who was serving in the commandery office, to persuade Cheng Ji to support him in rebelling against Liu Zhang. Cheng Ji wrote to Pang Yi, "Your original intention in recruiting more soldiers was not to start a rebellion. There might have been some misunderstanding, but what is more important is you are performing your duties. If you are fearful and start thinking of rebelling, I will not listen to you." He also wrote to Cheng Yu, "I received grace from the provincial government, so I am obliged to do my best to serve the Governor. You are serving in the commandery office, so you should do your best to serve the Administrator. You should not be thinking of rebelling." Pang Yi sent a message to Cheng Ji, "Your son is serving in the commandery office. Your family will be in trouble if you do not obey the Administrator!" Cheng Ji replied, "Yue Yang (樂羊) ate his son's flesh not because he did not love his son, but because he was doing so for the sake of upholding righteousness. If you were to make me do the same thing, I will do it." Pang Yi realised that Cheng Ji would never support him, so he abandoned the idea of rebelling against Liu Zhang; instead, he apologised to Liu Zhang and was pardoned. When Liu Zhang heard about Cheng Ji's loyalty towards him, he promoted Cheng to the post of Administrator of Jiangyang Commandery (江陽郡; around present-day Luzhou, Sichuan).〔(巴西太守龐羲以天下擾亂，郡宜有武衞，頗招合部曲。有讒於璋，說羲欲叛者，璋陰疑之。羲聞，甚懼，將謀自守，遣畿子郁宣旨，索兵自助。畿報曰：「郡合部曲，本不為叛，雖有交搆，要在盡誠；若必以懼，遂懷異志，非畿之所聞。」并敕郁曰：「我受州恩，當為州牧盡節。汝為郡吏，當為太守効力，不得以吾故有異志也。」羲使人告畿曰：「爾子在郡，不從太守，家將及禍！」畿曰：「昔樂羊為將，飲子之羹，非父子無恩，大義然也。今雖復羹子，吾必飲之。」羲知畿必不為己，厚陳謝於璋以致無咎。璋聞之，遷畿江陽太守。) Pei Songzhi's annotation in ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 45.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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